what is the climate of venezuela?

Venezuelan regional farmers produce some of the world's finest cacao. The capital, Caracas, is situated in the magnificent Avila Mountains on the north coast at about 2,700 feet above sea level, giving the city a permanent springtime . This climate zone is present in towns like Mucuches, Chachopo and Los Nevados. Venezuela, Capitalism & Climate Change. . This type of climate the evaporation exceeds precipitation. DST Changes. Tropical rainforests grow in parts of Venezuela. Venezuela's rainy season runs from May to December. Venezuela remains economically repressed. Those are U.N. numbers, and Venezuela's population is just over 30 million. Venezuela is among the most biodiverse nations in the world. There is not much fluctuation in the annual temperatures in Venezuela, but humidity makes some difference to it. This climate can be found in areas below 300 m in sedimentary basins and lowlands such as the Llanos, Orinoco Delta, Maracaibo Basin, Orinoco Basin, and coastal plains and islands; it comprises almost all the country. The dry season is from December to April, with January and February being the coolest months, and July and August being the warmest. )permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est. This climate zone is present in cities like Mrida (higher part), Colonia Tovar, San Antonio de Los Altos, El Jarillo, El Junquito, Galipan, Timotes, La Grita, Tabay, La Mucuy and others; most of the top of the tepuis also present this climate. )percent of population: 72% (2019 est. The international community has responded with pressure against the regime coupled with support for elements of the opposition, but to date it . Venezuela is in the midst of an unprecedented social and humanitarian collapsethe result of bad economic policies and political conflictthat has led to food insecurity, the second largest migration crisis in the world, and regional instability. Rainfall exceeds 2,500mm, not tending dry season. In the mountains and high plains it can get cooler with, for example in the popular city of Mrida, a fairly constant average daytime temperature ranges from 19-24 degrees (66 - 75 F). Climate zone: tropics. As a result, the opposition more than doubled its representation at the mayoral level and retained four of 23 governorships. Mean annual temperatures range from 2C (36F) to 10C (50F). . )biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. In the 20th century Venezuela was transformed from a relatively poor agrarian society to a rapidly urbanizing one, a condition made possible by exploiting huge petroleum reserves. During this period, there is the least amount of rainfall and warm, sunny weather. Bempedoic acid just passed a key test, Patrick Mahomes' brother accused of assault by restaurant owner, waiter, More than 1 million without power after latest winter storms buffet US, Tanker explosion kills driver, damages homes in Frederick, Maryland. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Temperate highland climates with dry winters, Temperate highland climates without dry season, "Sierra de Santo Domingo: Biogeographic reconstructions for the Quaternary of a former snowy mountain range", "Classification of thermal floors in Venezuela", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_of_Venezuela&oldid=1137196190, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 February 2023, at 09:16. The national capital, Caracas, is Venezuela's primary centre of . Pabelln criollo is one of the most representative and traditional dishes of Venezuelan cuisine. ), salt water lake(s): Lago de Maracaibo - 13,010 sq km, Rio Negro (shared with Colombia [s] and Brazil [m]) - 2,250 km; Orinoco river source and mouth (shared with Colombia) - 2,101 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Amazon (6,145,186 sq km), Orinoco (953,675 sq km), most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western highlands along an eastern spur at the northern end of the Andes, an area that includes the capital of Caracas, subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts, note 1: the country lies on major sea and air routes linking North and South America, note 2: Venezuela has some of the most unique geology in the world; tepuis are massive table-top mountains of the western Guiana Highlands that tend to be isolated and thus support unique endemic plant and animal species; their sheer cliffsides account for some of the most spectacular waterfalls in the world including Angel Falls, the world's highest (979 m) that drops off Auyan Tepui, unspecified Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, Indigenous. Within these broad divisions, seven physiographic regions can be distinguished: the islands and coastal plains, including the Orinoco delta; the Lake Maracaibo Lowlands; the Mrida and Perij ranges of the Andes Mountains; the coastal mountain system (with its Coastal and Interior ranges); the northwestern valleys and hill ranges, also called the Segovia Highlands; the Llanos; and the Guiana Highlands. Omissions? It covers all aspects, from cities to airports, cruise ports to ski and beach resorts, attractions to events, and it also includes weekly travel news, features and quizzes. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, -19.67% (2018 est. ), total: 30 yearsmale: 29.4 yearsfemale: 30.7 years (2020 est. T he latitude and longitude of Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela is 10 30'N and 66 56' W. The climate of Venezuela is mainly tropical with hot and humid conditions but moderate towards the highlands. Columbus Travel Media Ltd. All rights reserved 2023, Due to the impact of COVID-19, you are recommended to check travel restrictions from your government sources and contact local venues to verify any new rules, Caracas Simn Bolvar International Airport. The temperature during the year does not change often, but a lot depends on the altitude. It occupies a roughly triangular area that is larger than the combined areas of France and Germany. Ranging from a tropical rain forest climate in the northeast to a desert and maritime climates in the southwest. The yearly average variations in the Tropical zone lie between 26-28C and towards the cooler parts or highlands it is 9-11C. The warmest and at the same time rainiest region is Zuliana. In the mountains and high plains it can get cooler with, for example in the popular city of Mrida, a fairly constant average daytime temperature ranges from 19-24 . The climate in Venezuela is generally equatorial. )6.284 (2014 est. Statin alternative? Physiographically, the Segovia Highlands, northwest of Barquisimeto, and the coastal ranges may also be considered parts of the Andes chain. The city is the capital of Venezuela and is located in the north of the country, in the valley of the river Guaire, at the foot of the Venezuelan Coastal Range (Cordillera . Venezuela by Matthias Mullie on Unsplash. )$18.376 billion (2017 est. The best time to visit the Andes mountains is from October to May, before the rains come in June. This climate is characterized by very hot temperatures above 26C (79F), with precipitations that ranges from dry (less than 300mm) to pluvial (more than 3300mm) conditions. From the ministry of their congregations, UEPV . ), improved: urban: NArural: NAtotal: 94.2% of populationunimproved: urban: NArural: NAtotal: 5.8% of population (2020 est. Venezuela, like many other Latin American countries, has a high percentage of urban poverty, a massive foreign debt, and widespread governmental patronage and corruption. Temperatures don't fluctuate wildly, hovering between 26C (79F) and 28C (82F) and making the country something of an all year round destination. )-15.76% (2017 est. DST Changes. Time/General. The republics development pattern has been unique among Latin American countries in terms of the speed, sequence, and timing of economic and demographic growth. Interested in the average weather conditions in Venezuela in a specific month? It's the most prevalent and characteristic climate of the country. ), $7,704 (2018 est. Within this region is the only desert in Venezuelathe sand dunes around the city of Coro. ), total population: 74.25 yearsmale: 71.19 yearsfemale: 77.45 years (2023 est. Subscribe to our newsletter. )permanent pasture: 20.6% (2018 est. )other: 23.4% (2018 est. Tour the fog forests atop tepui summits and waterfalls near Angel Falls in Venezuela's Guiana Highlands, 1 USD equals 2429999.597 Venezuelan bolivar, federal multiparty republic with a unicameral legislature (National Assembly [167, Match the Country with Its Hemisphere Quiz, https://www.britannica.com/place/Venezuela, Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - Venezuela, Library of Congress - Research and Reference Services - Venezuela, Venezuela - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Venezuela - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), A decade under Maduro, migration marks Venezuelans lives. ), sugar cane, maize, milk, rice, plantains, bananas, pineapples, potatoes, beef, poultry, agricultural products, livestock, raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, iron and steel products, crude oil and petroleum products, agriculture: 7.3%industry: 21.8%services: 70.9% (4th quarter, 2011 est. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The above blank map represents Venezuela - a country located on the northern coast of South America. The coldest month of the year in Venezuela is January, with an average low of 66F and high of 82F. ), India 34%, China 28%, United States 12%, Spain 6% (2019), crude petroleum, refined petroleum, industrial alcohols, gold, iron (2019), $18.432 billion (2018 est. Several receiving countries are making efforts to increase immigration restrictions and to deport illegal Venezuelan migrants - Ecuador and Peru in August 2018 began requiring valid passports for entry, which are difficult to obtain for Venezuelans. This world heritage park needs to undoubtedly be on your bucket list. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Venezuela is currently experiencing a society that is divided and in turmoil. From the Andean foothills to the Orinoco delta, the Llanos extend for some 800 miles (1,300 km), varying in width from about 100 miles (160 km) in the east to 300 miles (500 km) in the west. (approximately $8.5 billion)2.2% of GDP (2016 est.) )6.63% (2020 est. )industry: 40.4% (2017 est. Venezuela can be divided into four climate zones: The climate of Venezuela falls under the tropical zone below 800 meters, where the average temperature remains between 26 and 28 C. )beer: 1.54 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Unanticipated policy changes, volatile global commodity prices and currency depreciation pose upside risks. Other major waterfalls in the region are Torn, Karuay, and Yuri. These changes, however, were accompanied by imbalances among the countrys regions and socioeconomic groups, and Venezuelas cities swelled because of a massive and largely uncontrolled migration from rural areas, as well as mass immigration, much of it illegal, from Colombia and other neighbours. The Socioeconomic Situation of Venezuela. Though, Venezuela's proximity to the Equator . Since CHAVEZ, the ruling party's economic policies expanded the state's role in the economy through expropriations of major enterprises, strict currency exchange and price controls that discourage private sector investment and production, and overdependence on the petroleum industry for revenues, among others. Temperatures don't fluctuate wildly, hovering between 26C (79F) and 28C (82F) and making the country something of an all year round destination. Due to its location just above the equator and the many elevation changes Venezuela experiences a mix of different climate types. But aside from the political crisis, Venezuela got 50 to 65 percent less rainfall than the annual average from 2013 to 2016. Most of the cities of Venezuela lie in this zone. Largest Cities in Venezuela. Major Rivers: The Rio Orinoco flows into Venezuela from Colombia, flows northeastwards across Venezuela into the Caribbean Sea. UNICEF reported that 6.9 million students in Venezuela missed almost all classroom instruction between March 2020 and February 2021. The climate in Venezuela In Venezuela, as in all equatorial countries, there is a tropical climate. The islands and coastal plains are located in the north. )exports: 870 million kWh (2019 est. In Venezuela, the climate is hot all year round, at least at low altitudes, so the main differences are to be found in the seasonal rain pattern: there is a dry season (which usually runs from mid-December to mid-April) and a rainy season (usually, from late April to mid-November).The rainy season is also the most sultry and unpleasant. According to the Kppen climate classification, Venezuela's climate types are:[3]. Caracas is an exception, where options are more limited and hotels should be . However, Spanish, the country's official language, is the most common. The World Travel Guide (WTG) is the flagship digital consumer brand within the Columbus Travel Media portfolio. Caracas, Venezuela - Climate and weather forecast by month. He earned a full ride to college. The university city is the cultural center of the Andes and with a special location at 1700 meters a must for every traveler. Social investment in Venezuela during the CHAVEZ administration reduced poverty from nearly 50% in 1999 to about 27% in 2011, increased school enrollment, substantially decreased infant and child mortality, and improved access to potable water and sanitation through social investment. Venezuela's location perched 8 above the equator, means it generally enjoys a balmy warm climate. The climate of the Altiplano is a drastic change from the Caribbean climate of Venezuela, one that few migrants are prepared for when they arrive. Time/General. The Venezuelan Coastal Range and Guiana Highlands have average temperatures from 25C (77F) to 11C (52F), while the Llanos average temperature is over 23C (73F). Sun & Moon. (Spanish)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. Global warming and climate breakdown are going to be disruptive to say the least. As if you are on the roof of the world. Naiguat Peak, at 9,072 feet (2,765 metres), is the highest point in the coastal system. The capital city of Caracas is by the largest city in Venezuela with a population of roughly 5,576,000 within 300 square miles. Matthew L. Forister, Matthew L. Forister. Venezuela's political leadership maintains an anti-U.S. government discourse, and its political climate is highly polarized and fluid. It can be found locked at the temperate zones of high Andean valleys of Cordillera de Mrida. First lasts from December to April and second is between May and November inclusively. The country faces massive debt. 1920s to 1970s: Oil is discovered in Venezuela, which is found to have the world's largest reserves. Venezuelas social and political ills have been compounded by natural disasters such as the floods that devastated sections of Caracas, La Guaira, and other coastal areas in late 1999. Please be respectful of copyright. He spent 15 years wrongly imprisoned instead. There are a number of others - methane, nitrous oxide, and trace . At summer it is usually humid, hot and calm. Venezuela also has had a long dispute with Colombia over the delimitation of maritime boundaries in the Gulf of Venezuela and around the archipelago of Los Monjes. Fitch rating: RD (2017)Moody's rating: WR (2019)Standard & Poors rating: SD (2017)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. ), 103.708 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Venezuela is a country in South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana.It is situated on major sea and air routes linking North and South America. In the long-term, education and health care spending may increase economic growth and reduce income inequality, but rising costs and the staffing of new health care jobs with foreigners are slowing development. (male 1,239,205/female 1,475,581), total dependency ratio: 57.5youth dependency ratio: 44.4elderly dependency ratio: 13.1potential support ratio: 7.6 (2021 est. About 40 languages are spoken in Venezuela. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Frosty climate is found at the highest areas in Venezuelan Andes, between 4,150 and 4,700 m. where the temperatures are between 0C (32F) to 3C (37F). Pin the Capital on the Country: Fact or Fiction? Although the country of Venezuela lies entirely within the tropics, its climate varies from tropical humid to alpine, depending on the elevation, topography, and the direction and intensity of prevailing winds. ), China 28%, United States 22%, Brazil 8%, Spain 6%, Mexico 6% (2019), refined petroleum, rice, corn, tires, soybean meal, wheat (2019), $9.794 billion (31 December 2017 est. Inflation is now projected to accelerate this year. Professor of Latin-American History, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Take our news quiz. as have most neighboring countries. ABSTRACT Potential effects of climate change on plant reproductive phenology include asynchronies with pollinators, and reductions in plant fitness, . Trump is trying to stop Pence from testifying before a grand jury. )-14% (2017 est. Like the lowland savannas of the Llanos, the tepuis experience extreme rainy and dry seasons. More than 6.1 million refugees and migrants have left Venezuela as a result of the political turmoil, socio-economic instability and the ongoing humanitarian crisis. Venezuela's teachers march for better pay amid soaring inflation. The second-largest urban center is Maracaibo with 2.2 million. )investment in inventories: 1.7% (2017 est. 2- Subtropical Region. Why this ax murder case fascinates, Weather: 10+ reported dead; millions warned of winter weather, Woman in Washington state claims $754.6 million Powerball jackpot, How Disney World, Disneyland made 'it's a small world' more inclusive, Cultures come together in joyous wedding dance, Here's how you can stream this year's Oscar-nominated movies right now, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. Sustained monetary financing of the fiscal deficit should fuel it. Although democratically elected governments largely held sway since 1959, the executive branch under Hugo CHAVEZ, president from 1999 to 2013, exercised increasingly authoritarian control over other branches of government. This undemocratic trend continued in 2018 when Nicolas MADURO claimed the presidency for his second term in an election boycotted by most opposition parties and widely viewed as fraudulent.The last democratically-elected institution is the 2015 National Assembly. )government consumption: 19.6% (2017 est. )$12,500 (2017 est. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. Half of Venezuela's entire territory almost all of the area south of the Orinoco river is, or once was, rainforest. Since 2017, the US has imposed financial and sectoral sanctions on the MADURO regime. The rainy season in Venezuela is from May to October, while the dry season extends from December to April. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2020 est. note 1: the country lies on major sea and air routes linking North and South America note 2: Venezuela has some of the most unique geology in the world; tepuis are massive table-top mountains of the western Guiana Highlands that tend to be isolated and thus support unique endemic plant and animal species; their sheer cliffsides account for some of the most spectacular . In this region we find the capital of the country, Caracas. Since the early 19th century Venezuela has claimed jurisdiction over Guyanese territory west of the Essequibo River totaling some 53,000 square miles (137,000 square km)nearly two-thirds of the land area of Guyana. The condition of this climate is also known as pramo. Along the course of the Orinoco River lie the Llanos, a relatively level region of savannas and tropical rainforests, where the land undulates only between low mesalike interfluves and shallow, meandering, braided river courses. Existing changes in agricultural activity combined with distinct and unpredictable short- and long . Check out our bucket list articles and be inspired: There are many Waterfalls in South Amerika to visit, however The Angel Falls is a waterfall like no other. The coastal regions on the Caribbean feel balmiest, and the lowland areas also enjoy a tropical climate. This page presents Venezuela, RB's climate context for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data. Depending on the season, the average daytime temperatures . )crude oil estimated reserves: 303.806 billion barrels (2021 est. Venezuelas topography can be divided into three broad elevational divisions: the lowland plains, which rise from sea level to about 1,650 feet (500 metres), the mountains, which reach elevations of some 16,400 feet (5,000 metres), and the interior forested uplands, with scattered peaks above 6,550 feet (2,000 metres). Important topographical features include the Orinoco river, the largest river in South America after the Amazon, at a length of 2,140km (1,330 miles), and the dramatic table top mountains known as tepuis, which are found in the Guyana highlands. Over the next 100 years, Venezuela saw many twists and turns in its development, from a period of immense wealth, prosperity, and democracy in . The South American country has been caught in a downward spiral for years with . Even as Venezuela's inflation reached an estimated 305 percent last year, gov't did not adjust em . Inflation is expected to top 1600% this year. The coldest is Capital. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Mangoes Are Ripe in Caracas. Something you need to add to the bucket list. ), degree of risk: high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis Avectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malarianote: as of 30 September 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that travelers avoid all nonessential travel to Venezuela; the country is experiencing outbreaks of infectious diseases, and adequate health care is currently not available in most of the country, total: 2.51 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. However, the vastness of the territory and the presence . In the high mountainous region above 3000 meters, snow fields and grasslands are found. ), fossil fuels: 30.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Weather Today Weather Hourly 14 Day Forecast Yesterday/Past Weather Climate (Averages) Currently: 80 F. The omission of any discussion of Venezuela was a glaring oversight as any ambitious climate agenda . )carbon dioxide emissions: 164.18 megatons (2016 est. What happened this week? Updates? It is an area larger than California. The two branches of the Andes that traverse northwestern Venezuela, including the countrys highest peaks, are northeastward extensions of the Colombian Andes Cordillera Oriental. Along the southern border with Brazil are groups of massive plateaus and steep-sided mesas, known as tepuis (tepuyes), capped with erosion-resistant sandstone and covered with intermingled savanna and semideciduous forest. Venezuela, country located at the northern end of South America. (approximately $9.3 billion), information varies; approximately 125-150,000 active personnel, including about 25-30,000 National Guard; approximately 200-225,000 Bolivarian Militia; approximately 45,000 National Police (2022)note: in December 2022, President Nicolas MADURO announced that the National Police would be increased to 100,000 in 2024, the FANB inventory is mainly of Chinese and Russian origin with a smaller mix of equipment from Western countries, including the US; in recent years, Russia has been the top supplier of military hardware to Venezuela (2022), 18-30 (25 for women) for voluntary service; the minimum service obligation is 24-30 months; all citizens of military service age (18-50) are obligated to register for military service and subject to military training, although forcible recruitment is forbidden (2022)note: as of 2017, women made up more than 20% of the active duty military, between 2013 and 2017, Venezuela established at least a dozen military-led firms in a variety of economic sectors, such as agriculture, banking, construction, insurance, the media, mining, oil, and tourism; as of 2020, military officers reportedly led at least 60 state-owned companies; as of 2019, 9 of 32 government ministries were controlled by the military, including the ministries of agriculture and energyas of 2023, members of the terrorist organizations National Liberation Army (ELN) and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia dissidents (FARC-People's Army and Segundo Marquetalia - see Appendix T) operated in Venezuela, mostly in the states of Amazonas, Apure, Bolivar, Guarico, Tachira, and Zulia; the ELN was assessed to be present in 12 of Venezuelas 23 states; the groups were particularly active in Apure state; the Venezuelan military has been deployed to the border region to patrol border crossings and has clashed with both the ELN and the FARC dissident groups (2023), The International Maritime Bureau continues to report the territorial and offshore waters in the Caribbean Sea as at risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; numerous vessels, including commercial shipping and pleasure craft, have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; crews have been robbed and stores or cargoes stolen; in 2021, no attacks were reported, National Liberation Army (ELN); Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People's Army (FARC-EP); Segundo Marquetalianote: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Venezuela-Colombia: dispute with Colombia over maritime boundary and Venezuelan administered Los Monjes Islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Venezuela's shared border region; the border between the two countries was closed from March 2020 to October 2021 due to COVID, but goods and people fleeing poverty and violence continued to be smuggled from Venezuela into Colombia, and illegal narcotics and armed men flowed into Venezuela from Colombia; since the FARC disarmed in 2016, some former members have formed armed dissident groups that operate along the border, Venezuela-Guyana: claims all of the area west of the Essequibo River in Guyana, preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; in 2018, Guyana initiated proceedings against Venezuela with the International Court of Justice (ICJ); Venezuela requested a direct dialogue to settle the dispute; the ICJ ruled that it had jurisdiction to hear the case in December 2020; in September 2021, Venezuelan officials issued a statement reasserting dominion over three-quarters of Guyana, which Guyana stated was a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity, Venezuela-various: Venezuela claims Aves Island and thereby an economic exclusion Zone/continental shelf extending over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea; Venezuelas claim to Aves Island is disputed by Dominica and several other countries because the island has rich guano deposits useful in producing fertilizer and gunpowder, as well as large fish stocks and natural gas reserves; contraband smuggling (narcotics and arms), illegal migration, trafficking in animals, plants, lumber, illegal exploitation of mineral resources, refugees (country of origin): 39,185 (Colombia) (mid-year 2022)note:As of September 2022, host governments report more than 7.1 million Venezuelan refugees and migrants worldwide, tier rating: Tier 3 Venezuela does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government created a specialized prosecutors office to oversee trafficking investigations and prosecutions; authorities began legal proceedings against three complicit officials in a notable case; however, the government did not assist any victims or investigate, prosecute, or convict any traffickers; little effort was made to curb the forced recruitment of Venezuelan children by Colombian armed groups operating illegally in Venezuela; authorities made little effort to screen Cuban medical professionals for trafficking indicators as the Cuban Government may have forced them to work by withholding their documentation, and coercing them to falsify medical records (2020)trafficking profile: Venezuela is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor; Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country for sexual exploitation, lured from the nation's interior to urban and tourist areas; women from Colombia, Peru, Haiti, China, and South Africa are also reported to have been sexually exploited in Venezuela; some Venezuelan women are transported to Caribbean islands, particularly Aruba, Curacao, and Trinidad & Tobago, where they are subjected to forced prostitution; some Venezuelan children are forced to beg on the streets or work as domestic servants, while Ecuadorian children, often from indigenous communities, are subjected to forced labor; the government provided support to FARC dissidents and the ELN, which grew through the recruitment of child soldiers and exploitation of children in sex trafficking and forced labor; Illegal armed groups lure children in vulnerable conditions and dire economic circumstances with gifts and promises of basic sustenance to later recruit them into their ranks, a major drug transit country and trafficking route in the Western Hemisphere largely destined for the Caribbean, Central America, the United States, West Africa, and Europe for illegal drugs, predominately cocaine; government officials reportedly complicit with illegal armed narcotrafficking groups; little international drug control cooperation; significant narcotics-related money-laundering activity, increasing signs of drug-related activities by Colombian insurgents on border, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, 2017 anti-government protests to bolster internal security; it has been accused of multiple human rights abuses, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI).

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